Publications: 2021

21 Dec 2021
Community transmission and viral load kinetics of the SARS-CoV-2 delta (B.1.617.2) variant in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals in the UK: a prospective, longitudinal, cohort study
HPRU Author: Jake Dunning

06 Dec 2021
Communicating uncertainty in epidemic models
HPRU-EZI Authors - Ruth McCabe; Christl Donnelly

03 Dec 2021
Estimating vaccination threshold and impact in the 2017-2019 hepatitis A virus outbreak among persons experiencing homelessness or who use drugs in Louisville, Kentucky, United States
HPRU-EZI Authors - Christl Donnelly

23 Nov 2021
Ten months of temporal variation in the clinical journey of hospitalised patients with COVID-19: An observational cohort
HPRU-EZI Authors - Jake Dunning; Christl Donnelly; Peter Horby; Mark Pritchard

22 Nov 2021
Prospective validation of the 4C prognostic models for adults hospitalised with COVID-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol
HPRU Authors: Calum Semple; Jake Dunning; Tom Solomon; Peter Horby; Lance Turtle

18 Nov 2021
The impact of viral mutations on recognition by SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells
HPRU-EZI Authors: Calum Semple, Lance Turtle

18 Oct 2021
Acute kidney injury in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 from the ISARIC WHO CCP-UK Study: a prospective, multicentre cohort study
HPRU-EZI Authors - Calum Semple, Jake Dunning

14 Oct 2021
The impact of viral mutations on recognition by SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells
HPRU-EZI Author - Lance Turtle

12 Oct 2021
Transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in the hospital setting
HPRU Author: Christl Donnelly

07 Oct 2021
COVID-19–Associated Orphanhood and Caregiver Death in the United States
HPRU-EZI Authors - Christl Donnelly

08 Sep 2021
Long Covid in adults discharged from UK hospitals after Covid-19: A prospective, multicentre cohort study using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol
HPRU-EZI Authors - Calum Semple, Lance Turtle

25 Aug 2021
Differential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on laboratory reporting of norovirus and Campylobacter in England: A modelling approach. PLoS One [Internet]. 2021;16(8)
HPRU-EZI Authors - Roberto Vivancos

17 Aug 2021
Two doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination induce robust immune responses to emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern.
HPRU-EZI Authors - Miles Carroll

16 Aug 2021
A comparison of persistence of SARS-CoV-2 variants on stainless steel
HPRU Author: Jake Dunning

16 Aug 2021
Clinical review of cerebral venous thrombosis in the context of COVID-19 vaccinations: Evaluation, management, and scientific questions
HPRU Author: Tom Solomon

09 Aug 2021
Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 Faecal Shedding in the Community: A Prospective Household Cohort Study (COVID-LIV) in the UK - BMC Infectious Diseases (2021) 21:784
HPRU-EZI Authors - Adams Emily R. Turtle Lance. Solomon Tom. French Neil.

06 Aug 2021
Considerations for causality assessment of neurological and neuropsychiatric complications of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: from cerebral venous sinus thrombosis to functional neurological disorder. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2021;jnnp-2021-326924.
HPRU-EZI Authors - Tom Solomon.

06 Aug 2021
Cerebral venous thrombosis after vaccination against COVID-19 in the UK: a multicentre cohort study. Lancet. 2021;6736(21):1–10
HPRU-EZI Authors - Tom Solomon

04 Aug 2021
Subacute Cognitive Impairment in Individuals With Mild and Moderate COVID-19: A Case Series. Frontiers in Neurology. 2021;12
HPRU-EZI Authors - Solomon, Tom

02 Aug 2021
Co-Infections, Secondary Infections, and Antimicrobial Usage in Hospitalised Patients with COVID-19 from the ISARIC WHO CCP-UK Study: A Prospective, Multicentre Cohort Study
HPRU Authors: Calum Semple, Jake Dunning, Lance Turtle

29 Jul 2021
Obesity, Ethnicity, and Risk of Critical Care, Mechanical Ventilation, and Mortality in Patients Admitted to Hospital with COVID-19: Analysis of the ISARIC CCP-UK Cohort
HPRU Author: Calum Semple

21 Jul 2021
Protocol for DexEnceph: a randomised controlled trial of dexamethasone therapy in adults with herpes simplex virus encephalitis BMJ Open 2021:11
HPRU-EZI Authors - TomSolomon.

19 Jul 2021
Metagenomic identification of a new sarbecovirus from horseshoe bats in Europe. Sci Rep [Internet]. 2021;11(1):1–9.
HPRU-EZI Authors - Crook, Jack M. Carroll, Miles Vipond, Richard

17 Jul 2021
Characterisation of in-hospital complications associated with COVID-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK: a prospective, multicentre cohort study
HPRU Author: Calum Semple, Lance Turtle, Jake Dunning

16 Jul 2021
One hundred years of zoonoses research in the Horn of Africa: A scoping review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2021;15(7)
HPRU-EZI Authors - Maya Wardeh, Matthew Baylis,

15 Jul 2021
Neurological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalised children and adolescents in the UK: a prospective national cohort study. Lancet Child Adolesc Heal [Internet]. 2021;4642(21):1–11.
HPRU-EZI Authors - Tom Solomon.

08 Jul 2021
Prevalence of neutralising antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in acute infection and convalescence: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2021;15(7):
HPRU-EZI Authors - Adams, Emily R., Cuevas, Luis E.

28 Jun 2021
Understanding norovirus reporting patterns in England : a mixed model approach
HPRU Author: Roberto Vivancos

25 Jun 2021
Divide-and-conquer: machine-learning integrates mammalian and viral traits with network features to predict virus-mammal associations
HPRU Author: Matthew Baylis

25 Jun 2021
COVID-19 symptoms at hospital admission vary with age and sex: results from the ISARIC prospective multinational observational study
HPRU Author: Calum Semple

15 Jun 2021
Divergent trajectories of antiviral memory after SARS-Cov-2 infection
HPRU-EZI Authors - Lance Turtle.

15 Jun 2021
The future of Japanese encephalitis vaccination: expert recommendations for achieving and maintaining optimal JE control
HPRU Author: Tom Solomon

05 Jun 2021
Clinical review of cerebral venous thrombosis in the context of COVID-19 vaccinations: Evaluation, management, and scientific questions
Thakur, Kiran T. Tamborska, Arina Wood, Greta K. McNeill, Emily Roh, David Akpan, Imo J. Miller, Eliza C. Bautista, Alyssa Claassen, Jan Kim, Carla Y. Guekht, Alla Pardo, Carlos A. Williams, Olajide García-Azorín, David Prasad, Kameshwar Schmutzhard, Erich Michael, Benedict D. Chou, Sherry H.-Y. Winkler, Andrea S. Solomon, Tom Elkind, Mitchell S.

03 Jun 2021
Co-Infections, Secondary Infections, and Antimicrobial Usage in Hospitalised Patients with COVID-19 from the ISARIC WHO CCP-UK Study: A Prospective, Multicentre Cohort- Lancet Microbe
HPRU-EZI Authors - Turtle, Lance Dunning, Jake Semple, Malcolm

03 Jun 2021
Neurology and neuropsychiatry of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the early literature reveals frequent CNS manifestations and key emerging narratives
HPRU Author: Tom Solomon

27 May 2021
Convalescent plasma in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised controlled, open-label, platform trial
HPRU-EZI Authors: Peter Horby

21 May 2021
Blood-feeding ecology of mosquitoes in two zoological gardens in the United Kingdom
HPRU Author: Matthew Baylis

19 May 2021
Identifying how COVID-19-related misinformation reacts to the announcement of the UK national lockdown: An interrupted time-series study
HPRU-EZI Authors - Sally Sheard; John Tulloch; Roberto Vivancos

18 May 2021
The microbiome and mosquito vectorial capacity: rich potential for discovery and translation
Cintia Cansado-Utrilla , Serena Y. Zhao , Philip J. McCall , Kerri L. Coon and Grant L. Hughes

18 May 2021
Evaluating clinical characteristics studies produced early in the Covid-19 pandemic: A systematic review. PLoS One 2021;16(5)
HPRU-EZI Authors - Tom Solomon; Peter W Horby; Mark Pritchard

14 May 2021
Changes in in-hospital mortality in the first wave of COVID-19: a multicentre prospective observational cohort study using the WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK
HPRU-EZI Authors: Jake Dunning; Lance Turtle; Peter Openshaw; Malcolm G Semple

04 May 2021
Tocilizumab in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial
HPRU-EZI Author: Peter Horby

26 Apr 2021
Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 on surfaces and in solution with Virusend (TX-10), a novel disinfectant
Enyia R. Anderson, Grant L. Hughes, Edward I. Patterson

23 Apr 2021
Pathologic Antibodies to Platelet Factor 4 after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccination.
Singh, Deepak, Lown, Robert. Poles, Anthony. Solomon, Thomas. Levi, Marcel. Goldblatt, David. Kotoucek, Pavel. Thomas, William. Lester, William.

23 Apr 2021
Perspectives on COVID-19 testing policies and practices: a qualitative study with scientific advisors and NHS health care workers in England
Anne-Marie Martindale Caitlin Pilbeam Hayley Mableson Sarah Tonkin-Crine Paul Atkinson Aleksandra Borek Suzie Lant Nina Gobat Tom Solomon Sally Sheard

09 Apr 2021
Approaches to understanding COVID‐19 and its neurological associations
Beghi, Ettore Michael, Benedict D. Solomon, Tom Westenberg, Erica Winkler, Andrea S. Beghi, Ettore Michael, Benedict D. Solomon, Tom Westenberg, Erica Winkler, Andrea S. Knauss, Samuel Sejvar, Jim Siddiqi, Omar Netravathi, M Charway‐Felli, Augustina Abd‐Allah, Foad Bassetti, Claudio Ferreira, Maria Lúcia Brito Chou, Sherry Hsiang‐Yi Dalmau, Josep Delgado‐García, Guillermo Easton, Ava Emmrich, Julius Endres, Matthias Fleury, Agnès Frontera, Jennifer A. García‐Azorín, David Guekht, Alla Helbok, Raimund Hellwig, Kerstin Höglinger, Günter Hoo, Fan Kee Klein, Christine Lant, Suzannah McNett, Molly Moro, Elena Padovani, Alessandro Pfausler, Bettina Prasad, Kameshwar Roman, Gustavo C. Sarfo, Fred S. Satishchandra, Parthasarathy Saylor, Deanna Spatola, Marianna Spencer, Peter Stark, Richard J. Synofzik, Matthis Taba, Pille Tagliavini, Fabrizio Thakur, Kiran T. Umapathi, Thirugnanam Vijayabala, Jeevagan Weissenborn, Karin Wijeratne, Tissa Wood MRes, Greta K Carroll, William M. Oreja‐Guevara, Celia Leonardi, Matilde Schmutzhard, Erich

29 Mar 2021
A Haemagglutination test for rapid detection of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2
Townsend, Alain Rijal, Pramila Xiao, Julie Tan, Tiong Kit Huang, Kuan-ying A Schimanski, Lisa Huo, Jiandong Gupta, Nimesh Rahikainen, Rolle Matthews, Philippa C Crook, Derrick Hoosdally, Sarah Dunachie, Susanna Barnes, Eleanor Street, Teresa Semple, Malcolm G Turtle, Lance C W Ainsworth, Mark Allcock, Alice Beer, Sally

26 Mar 2021
Assessing the suitability for Aedes albopictus and dengue transmission risk in China with a delay differential equation model
Metelmann, Soeren Liu, Xiaobo Lu, Liang Caminade, Cyril Liu, Keke Cao, Lina Medlock, Jolyon M. Baylis, Matthew Morse, Andrew P. Liu, Qiyong

26 Mar 2021
Assessing the suitability for Aedes albopictus and dengue transmission risk in China with a delay differential equation model
HPRU-EZI Authors - Medlock, Jolyon M. Baylis, Matthew

21 Mar 2021
SARS-CoV-2 Infections in Animals: Reservoirs for Reverse Zoonosis and Models for Study
Prince, Tessa Smith, Shirley L Radford, Alan D Solomon, Tom Hughes, Grant L Patterson, Edward I

21 Mar 2021
Long-term neurodevelopment outcomes of hand, foot and mouth disease inpatients infected with EV-A71 or CV-A16, a retrospective cohort study
HPRU-EZI Authors- Lance Turtle

21 Mar 2021
Systematic review of pooling sputum as an efficient method for xpert MTB/RIF tuberculosis testing during COVID-19 pandemic. Emerg Infect Dis. 2021;27(3):719–27
HPRU-EZI Authors - Cuevas, Luis E., Adams, Emily

17 Mar 2021
Prospective observational study of SARS-CoV-2 infection, transmission and immunity in a cohort of households in Liverpool City Region, UK (COVID-LIV): a study protocol
Setiabudi, Wega Hungerford, Daniel Subramaniam, Krishanthi Vaselli, Natasha Marcella Shaw, Victoria E Wilton, Moon Vivancos, Roberto Aston, Stephen Platt, Gareth Moitt, Tracy Jones, Ashley P Gabbay, Mark Buchan, Iain Carrol, Enitan D Iturriza-Gomara, Miren Solomon, Tom Greenhalf, William Naisbitt, Dean J Adams, Emily R Cunliffe, Nigel A Turtle, Lance French, Neil

17 Mar 2021
Obesity, Ethnicity, and Risk of Critical Care, Mechanical Ventilation, and Mortality in Patients Admitted to Hospital with COVID‐19: Analysis of the ISARIC CCP‐UK Study. J. Obesity
HPRU-EZI Authors Semple, Malcolm G.

10 Mar 2021
Inflammatory profiles across the spectrum of disease reveal a distinct role for GM-CSF in severe COVID-19
Thwaites, Ryan S Sanchez Sevilla Uruchurtu, Ashley Siggins, Matthew K Liew, Felicity Russell, Clark D Moore, Shona C Fairfield, Cameron Carter, Edwin Abrams, Simon Short, Charlotte-Eve Thaventhiran, Thilipan Bergstrom, Emma Gardener, Zoe Ascough, Stephanie Chiu, Christopher Docherty, Annemarie B Hunt, David Crow, Yanick J Solomon, Tom Taylor, Graham P Turtle, Lance Harrison, Ewen M Dunning, Jake Semple, Malcolm G Baillie, J Kenneth Openshaw, Peter JM

10 Mar 2021
Inflammatory profiles across the spectrum of disease reveal a distinct role for GM-CSF in severe COVID-19
HPRU-EZI Authors: Tom Solomon, Lance Turtle, Calum Semple, Jake Dunning

05 Mar 2021
Torix Rickettsia are widespread in arthropods and reflect a neglected symbiosis
Pilgrim, Jack Thongprem, Panupong Davison, Helen Siozios, Stefanos Baylis, Matthew Zakharov, Evgeny V. Ratnasingham, Sujeevan DeWaard, Jeremy R. Smith, M. Alex Hurst, Gregory D. D.

04 Mar 2021
Circulating SARS-CoV-2 spike N439K variants maintain fitness while evading antibody-mediated immunity
HPRU-EZI Author - Calum Semple

04 Mar 2021
Risk of adverse outcomes in patients with underlying respiratory conditions admitted to hospital with COVID-19: a national, multicentre prospective cohort study using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK
HPRU-EZI Authors: Calum Semple, Jake Dunning

25 Feb 2021
Long Covid in adults discharged from UK hospitals after Covid-19 : A prospective , multicentre cohort study using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol Author Affiliations :
HPRU-EZI Authors - Sigfrid, Louise Goodwin, Lynsey Turtle, Lance Semple, Malcom G

21 Feb 2021
Modelling intensive care unit capacity under different epidemiological scenarios of the COVID-19 pandemic in three Western European countries
McCabe R, Kont MD, Schmit N, Whittaker C, Løchen A, Baguelin M,

16 Feb 2021
Predicting mammalian hosts in which novel coronaviruses can be generated
Maya Wardeh Matthew Baylis, Marcus S. C. Blagrove

15 Feb 2021
Sequential infection with influenza A virus followed by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) leads to more severe disease and encephalitis in a mouse model of COVID-19.
Jordan J. Clark , Rebekah Penrice-Randal , Parul Sharma , Anja Kipar , Xiaofeng Dong , Shaun H. Pennington , Amy E. Marriott , Stefano Colombo , Andrew Davidson , Maia Kavanagh Williamson , David A. Matthews , Lance Turtle , Tessa Prince , Grant L. Hughes , Edward I. Patterson , Ghada Shawli , Krishanthi Subramaniam , Jo Sharp , Lynn McLaughlin , En-Min Zhou , Joseph D. Turner , Giancarlo Biagini , Andrew Owen , Julian A. Hiscox, James P. Stewart

08 Feb 2021
Cardinium symbiosis as a potential confounder of mtDNA based phylogeographic inference in Culicoides imicola (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), a vector of veterinary viruses. Parasit Vectors [Internet]. 2021;14(1):1–5
HPRU-EZI Authors - Matthew Baylis

03 Feb 2021
Impact of climatic, demographic and disease control factors on the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 in large cities worldwide
Metelmann, Soeren Pattni, Karan Brierley, Liam Cavalerie, Lisa Caminade, Cyril Blagrove, Marcus S.C. Turner, Joanne Sharkey, Kieran J. Baylis, Matthew

27 Jan 2021
Ebola virus antibody decay – stimulation in a high proportion of survivors
Adaken, Charlene Scott, Janet T Sharma, Raman Gopal, Robin Dicks, Steven Niazi, Saidia Ijaz, Samreen Edwards, Tansy Smith, Catherine C Cole, Christine P

21 Jan 2021
Mayaro Virus Infection Elicits an Innate Immune Response and Represses Autophagy in Anopheles stephensi
Cory Henderson, Marco Brustolin, Shivanand Hegde, Grant L. Hughes, Christina Bergey, Jason L. Rasgon

19 Jan 2021
English hospital episode data analysis (1998–2018) reveal that the rise in dog bite hospital admissions is driven by adult cases
John S. P. Tulloch 1,2,3*, Sara C. Owczarczak‐Garstecka 3,4,5, Kate M. Fleming 6, Roberto Vivancos 2,7 & Carri Westgarth 3

13 Jan 2021
COVID-19 testing in outbreak free care homes: What are the public health benefits?
Green, R. Tulloch, J.S.P. Tunnah, C. Coffey, E. Lawrenson, K. Fox, A. Mason, J. Barnett, R. Constantine, A. Shepherd, W. Ashton, M. Beadsworth, M.B.J. Vivancos, R. Hall, I. Walker, N. Ghebrehewet, S.

11 Jan 2021
Analysis of an Ebola virus disease survivor whose host and viral markers were predictive of death indicates the effectiveness of medical countermeasures and supportive care
Bosworth, Andrew Rickett, Natasha Y. Dong, Xiaofeng Ng, Lisa F.P. García-Dorival, Isabel Matthews, David A. Fletcher, Tom Jacobs, Michael Thomson, Emma C. Carroll, Miles W. Hiscox, Julian A.

11 Jan 2021
Development and validation of the ISARIC 4C Deterioration model for adults hospitalised with COVID-19: a prospective cohort study
HPRU-EZI Authors: Tom Solomon, Lance Turtle, Calum Semple, Jake Dunning

07 Jan 2021
Neurological infection with SARS-CoV-2 — the story so far
Solomon, Tom